homelab/services/network/pihole.nix

{ pkgs, lib, ... }:

let
  # Blocklists, kept here so a reflash restores them. /var/lib/pihole is NOT
  # declarative: the gravity database lives there and goes with the card, and
  # the failure is quiet — DNS keeps resolving, just with nothing blocked.
  adlists = [
    "https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/hosts"
    "https://cdn.jsdelivr.net/gh/hagezi/dns-blocklists@latest/adblock/pro.txt"
  ];
in

# Pi-hole via the official container (the native nixpkgs pihole-ftl module
# segfaults on aarch64 / Pi 3B+). Host networking so it can serve DHCP and reach
# the host's unbound at 127.0.0.1:5335. Config via FTLCONF_* env vars (pihole v6)
# — these override pihole.toml on every start, so it stays effectively
# declarative. The web admin password is added from sops in the host config.
{
  virtualisation.podman = {
    enable = true;
    dockerCompat = true;
  };

  virtualisation.oci-containers = {
    backend = "podman";
    containers.pihole = {
      image = "pihole/pihole:2026.07.2";   # validated in mercury-vm
      autoStart = true;
      extraOptions = [
        "--network=host"                    # DHCP broadcast + host unbound on 127.0.0.1
        "--cap-add=NET_ADMIN"               # DHCP
        "--cap-add=NET_RAW"                 # DNS engine (dnsmasq) — REQUIRED
        "--cap-add=SYS_NICE"
        "--cap-add=CHOWN"                   # entrypoint chowns /etc/pihole
      ];
      volumes = [ "/var/lib/pihole:/etc/pihole" ];   # persist config/state
      environment = {
        TZ = "Europe/Berlin";
        FTLCONF_dns_upstreams = "127.0.0.1#5335";     # host unbound (recursive)
        FTLCONF_dns_listeningMode = "all";            # serve the LAN
        FTLCONF_dns_domain = "sol";
        FTLCONF_dhcp_active = "true";
        FTLCONF_dhcp_start = "10.0.0.50";
        FTLCONF_dhcp_end = "10.0.0.200";
        FTLCONF_dhcp_router = "10.0.0.1";
        FTLCONF_dhcp_leaseTime = "1h";
        # Arrays (format validated in the VM): static lease + local DNS records.
        FTLCONF_dhcp_hosts = "00:e0:4c:3c:a3:1f,10.0.0.20,jupiter";
        FTLCONF_dns_hosts = "10.0.0.10 mercury.sol;10.0.0.20 jupiter.sol";
        # Wildcard: any <service>.jupiter.sol -> jupiter (caddy routes by hostname).
        FTLCONF_misc_dnsmasq_lines = "address=/jupiter.sol/10.0.0.20";
      };
    };
  };

  # Bind-mount source must exist (podman won't create it) and be owned by 1000,
  # the `pihole` user FTL drops to (rootful podman, no userns remapping, so the
  # uid is the same inside and out). Must be the whole DIRECTORY, not just
  # gravity.db — sqlite needs to create a sibling gravity.db-journal per write,
  # and a root-owned dir makes that fail with a misleading "readonly database".
  systemd.tmpfiles.rules = [ "d /var/lib/pihole 0750 1000 1000 -" ];

  # Seed the adlists above into gravity. `INSERT OR IGNORE` keyed on the URL
  # makes this idempotent, so it is safe on every boot; the expensive rebuild
  # (`pihole -g`, which downloads every list) only runs when gravity is empty,
  # i.e. after a reflash. Add a list above and run `pihole -g` by hand.
  systemd.services.pihole-adlists = {
    description = "Seed pihole's blocklists from the Nix config";
    after = [ "podman-pihole.service" "network-online.target" ];
    wants = [ "network-online.target" ];
    requires = [ "podman-pihole.service" ];
    wantedBy = [ "multi-user.target" ];
    serviceConfig = {
      Type = "oneshot";
      RemainAfterExit = true;
    };
    script = ''
      podman="${pkgs.podman}/bin/podman"
      db=/etc/pihole/gravity.db
      sql() { $podman exec pihole pihole-FTL sqlite3 "$db" "$1"; }

      # The container creates gravity.db on first start; wait for it.
      for _ in $(seq 1 60); do
        $podman exec pihole test -f "$db" && break
        sleep 2
      done
      $podman exec pihole test -f "$db" || {
        echo "gravity.db never appeared; is podman-pihole healthy?" >&2
        exit 1
      }

      ${lib.concatMapStringsSep "\n" (url: ''
        sql "INSERT OR IGNORE INTO adlist (address, enabled, comment)
             VALUES ('${url}', 1, 'declared in services/network/pihole.nix');"
      '') adlists}

      if [ "$(sql 'SELECT COUNT(*) FROM gravity;')" = "0" ]; then
        echo "gravity is empty — building blocklists (this downloads every list)"
        $podman exec pihole pihole -g
      fi
    '';
  };

  networking.firewall.allowedTCPPorts = [ 53 80 ];
  networking.firewall.allowedUDPPorts = [ 53 67 ];
}